Infinite Tsukuyomi is a global genjutsu that plunges the entire world into an illusion. To use it, one must reflect the Rinne Sharingan off the surface of the moon. The way to achieve this varies: Kaguya Otsutsuki opened a portal to a dimension with a moon, Obito Uchiha used the Divine Tree, atop which a flower with a Rinne Sharingan bloomed, while Madara Uchiha flew into the sky and reflected his eye directly.
When the technique is activated, a piercing light spreads across the world, so bright that it dispels the night. All who fall under its gaze are caught in the illusion; the Rinnegan pattern appears in their eyes, marking their influence. The victims remain motionless, which allows them to be wrapped in the bark of the Divine Tree's roots using the technique "God: Birth of the World of Trees." Over the years, the people bound to the tree lose their life energy, personality, and distinguishing features, turning first into empty shells and then into White Zetsu, while simultaneously creating a new Chakra Fruit. The user can also take the chakra of the bound, causing it to burst from the ground and enter their body.
Some beings are immune to the Infinite Tsukuyomi: the dead summoned through the Impure World Resurrection, White Zetsu, Black Zetsu, and those whom Black Zetsu covers with itself. A Rinnegan wielder is able to block the light, protecting themselves and those nearby. To fully dispel the technique and free the captives, two people are needed: one with a Rinnegan, the other with the chakra of all nine tailed beasts — together they form the Rat seal.