The Six Paths of Pain is an Outer Path technique that allows the Rinnegan wielder to create and control six bodies as their own. Black receivers are implanted into the bodies, through which the user transmits their chakra over vast distances, fully controlling the movements, speech, and jutsu of each body. The eyes of the controlled bodies take on the Rinnegan pattern, and their vision merges into a shared field: the owner simultaneously sees everything that six pairs of eyes see, coordinating attacks and covering blind spots. It is this coordination and combination tactics that make the Six Paths of Pain the strongest when used together.
Nagato created his Six Paths of Pain after his battle with Hanzo left him bound to a mechanical device. He used six corpses, including the body of his deceased friend Yahiko (the Deva Path), and implanted numerous receivers styled as piercings into them. Although each body is capable of performing any of Nagato's techniques, each body specializes in one branch of the Six Paths Technique. For particularly costly techniques, the body must either be brought closer to the master's position, or the other five must be deactivated, concentrating all chakra on one. Sensors can track the chakra flowing from Nagato to the bodies if he does not change its signature. Each body fulfills its own role — reconnaissance, attack, defense, or restoration, with the Naraka Path, capable of repairing the other bodies, considered the most valuable.
Obito Uchiha created his own Six Paths of Pain from the resurrected jinchūriki with a single hidden receiver in each of their chests. He did not endow them with the Six Paths Techniques, but instead used their abilities from when they were alive.
